Application and development of ship welding materials
August 17, 2022
Along with the development of the international ship market and the expansion of demand, ship welding has been transformed from traditional electrode arc welding to high-efficiency mechanization and automation. As a result, the development of new welding materials has accelerated, and various high-efficiency and high-quality welding materials have been used in shipbuilding. The number is increasing, and the welding efficiency and quality of shipbuilding are steadily increasing.
First, the types and characteristics of marine welding consumables
At present, various welding methods used in domestic shipbuilding mainly involve welding rods, gas shielded welding wires, submerged arc welding wire-flux and other welding materials. With the increase in the number of welding processes introduced, developed and applied in shipbuilding in China, marine welding consumables are characterized by variety, specialization and high efficiency of welding.
Welding rod
According to the welding efficiency and welding process, the hull construction mainly uses ordinary manual welding rods, high-efficiency iron powder welding rods and gravity welding rods. Among them, ordinary manual welding rods are mostly low-hydrogen alkaline welding rods, such as E4315 and E5015 series, which are suitable for general strength and high-strength hull structural steel. The high-efficiency iron powder electrode increases the welding efficiency and increases the welding speed by adding iron powder to the electrode coating, and is mainly used for the short fillet weld of the component. Gravity welding rods are simple to operate, and one person can control several units at the same time. Therefore, it is generally suitable for flat welding positions, where the fillet welds are relatively short and concentrated.
2. Gas shielded welding wire
Marine gas shielded welding wire is divided into solid core wire and flux cored wire according to different manufacturing processes. From the perspective of the overall construction of civil ships in the world, CO2 gas shielded flux cored wire has the largest amount. At present, the utilization rate of domestic large and medium-sized shipyards has generally reached more than 80%. CO2 gas shielded flux cored wire is divided into common flux cored wire, metal powder core flux cored wire, vertical gas electric welding special flux cored wire and other special welding wire according to the production use.
